•  The 'Final Solution' refers to the Nazis' plan to address the "Jewish problem" by means of genocidal extermination during World War II. The term was coined by Adolf Eichmann, a top Nazi official who supervised the genocidal campaign. The execution of the Final Solution resulted in the Holocaust.

•  Hernán(do) Cortés, marqués del Valle de Oaxaca (1485–December 2, 1547) was the conquistador who conquered Mexico for Spain. He was known as Hernando or Fernando Cortés during his lifetime and signed all his letters Fernán Cortés

•  Genghis Khan (c. 162–August 18, 1227), (also spelled as Chingis Khan , Jenghis Khan , etc.), born as Temüjin , was a Great Khan (Emperor) and hugely successful military leader who united the Mongol tribes and founder of the Mongol Empire (1206–1368), the largest contiguous empire in world history.Genghis Khan is widely considered to be one of the most brilliant and powerful military leaders in world history, but he also is remembered for the legacy of destruction which followed his conquests.In modern Mongolia Genghis is regarded as a national icon, for his historical role in uniting the Mongol tribes by giving them a common identity.

•  The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and the Phoenician city of Carthage. They are known as the "Punic" Wars because Rome's name for Carthaginians was Punici (older Poenici , due to their Phoenician ancestry).The primary cause of the Punic Wars was the clash of interests between the expanding Carthaginian and Roman spheres of influence. The Romans were particularly interested in expansion via Sicily, most of which lay under Carthaginian control. At the start of the first Punic War, Carthage was the rising power of the Mediterranean, with an extensive maritime empire, while Rome was rapidly rising in prominence as the dominant power in Italy. By the conclusion of the third war, Rome had conquered Carthage's entire empire and razed the city itself to the ground..By the end of the Punic wars Rome was the supreme power in the western world.

•  Pangaea or Pangea (Greek for "all earth") is the name given to the supercontinent that existed during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras, before the process of plate tectonics separated the component continents into their current configuration. The name was coined by Alfred Wegener, chief proponent of Continental Drift in 1915.

•  Alexander Hamilton was an American politician, statesman, journalist, lawyer, and soldier. One of the United States' most prominent and brilliant early constitutional lawyers, he was an influential delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention and the principal author of the Federalist Papers, which successfully defended the U.S. Constitution to skeptical New Yorkers. He also put the new United States of America onto a sound economic footing as its first and most influential Secretary of the Treasury, establishing the First Bank of the United States, public credit and the foundations for American capitalism and stock and commodity exchanges.  

•  Marco Polo (15 September 1254, Venice, Italy; or Curzola, Venetian Dalmatia - now Korčula, Croatia — 8 January 1324, Venice) was a Venetian trader and explorer who, together with his father Niccolò and his uncle Maffeo, was one of the first Westerners to travel the Silk Road to China (which he called Cathay ) and visited the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, Kublai Khan (grandson of Genghis Khan). His travels are written down in Il Milione ("The Milione" or The Travels of Marco Polo ).

•  Hun is a term that refers to a specific group of Central Asian nomadic tribes, who appear in Europe in the 4th century. It has also become a more general term for any number of Central Asian equestrian nomads. Most of these peoples are recorded by neighboring peoples to the south, east, and west as having occupied Central Asia roughly from the late 1st century to the mid-5th century.

•  In Roman Catholic theology, an indulgence is the remission of the temporal punishment due to God for sin.

An indulgence granted by authority of the Pope by Johann Tetzel in 1517. The text reads: "By the

authority of all the saints, and in mercy towards you, I absolve you from all sins and misdeeds and remit

all punishments for ten days."

•  Adolf Otto Eichmann (March 19, 1906 – June 1, 1962), born Karl Adolf Eichmann, was a high-ranking official in Nazi Germany and served as an Obersturmbannführer in the S.S. He was largely responsible for the logistics of the extermination of millions of people during the Holocaust, in particular Jews, which was called the "final solution" ( Endlösung ). He organized the identification and transportation of people to the various concentration camps. Therefore, he is often referred to as the 'Chief Executioner' of the Third Reich.